Ancient Thought

Code: FIL14860L

6 ECTS

Duration: 15 weeks/156 hours

Scientific Area: Philosophy

Teaching languages: Portuguese

Languages of tutoring support: Portuguese

Regime de Frequência: Presencial

Sustainable Development Goals

Educação de qualidade - Assegurar a educação inclusiva, e equitativa e de qualidade, e promover oportunidades de aprendizagem ao longo da vida para todos.

Learning Goals

At the end of the curricular unit in coordination with the contents and methodology of the unit
Ancient Thought -, the students should be able to:
- To identify the main characteristics of classical epoch;
- To identify the originality of the thought, the living experience and the representation that classical
epoch has from itself;
- To master the main concepts of ancient thought;
- to highlight the main characteristics of philosophical thinking in contrast to its alternative: myth,
doxa;
- To be able to debate ancient problem fields with the help of concepts and methodology previously
discussed during class;
- To have read and discussed at least one fundamental texts of ancient thought.

I. The first experience: the Thaumazein:Mythical background of experience,Philosophy parts with myth,Back to the cave: the reinstatement of myth
II. The wises in the cosmos:The ionian thought and the unification of the cosmos,Pythagoras between calculus and soteriology,Being and thinking: Parmenides
III. The Sophistic:Logos as methodical use of words,Heteronomy of sophistic,A medium cepticism: Protagoras,The Socrates scenario
IV. Plato: birth of methodological idealism:Aporetical dialogs,The quest for universal science,Plato between Parmenides and Heraclitus,First utopia as dialectic and irony
V. First philosophy with Agora: Aristoteles:Critique of Plato, Unity of being and apophantic, Happiness and ethic,Naturality of the Polis
VI. The triumph of Ethic: Hellenism and latin soteriology:Epicurus and the anthropological sobriety,Stoicism from providence until ethical anthropology
VII. The theatre of 2000 years of metaphysic: Neoplatonism, Christianism, Arianism and Gnosis

Teaching Methods

The alternation between theoretical expositions and texts analysis aim to systematically introduce the
students to the specifics problematics and concept of ancient philosophy.

Assessment

TP Classes (assessed through two (2) tests 80% of final grade); theoretical exposition and debate on
texts (20%)
The examination regime includes a final proof.