2024
Philosophy of Logic
Name: Philosophy of Logic
Code: FIL09388D
6 ECTS
Duration: 15 weeks/156 hours
Scientific Area:
Philosophy
Teaching languages: Portuguese
Languages of tutoring support: Portuguese
Sustainable Development Goals
Learning Goals
At the end of the course, students should be able:
1. To characterize a logic as a triple constituted by a formal language, a semantics and a deductive system.
2. To characterize the semantics of a formal language by the usual Tarskian methods: definition of denotation, of truth and of consequence.
3. To show familiarity with the most common formats of deductive system: axiomatic method, natural deduction, and trees (also called "semantic tableaux").
4. To discuss the philosophical implications of the interpretation of quantified modal logic.
5. To discuss in what measure denying the principle of bivalence is a satisfactory way of solving the liar paradox.
6. To discuss the merits and demerits of the main theories of vagueness.
7. To discuss central question in the metaphysics and epistemology of logic, concerning the limits of logic and the grounds of logical truth.
1. To characterize a logic as a triple constituted by a formal language, a semantics and a deductive system.
2. To characterize the semantics of a formal language by the usual Tarskian methods: definition of denotation, of truth and of consequence.
3. To show familiarity with the most common formats of deductive system: axiomatic method, natural deduction, and trees (also called "semantic tableaux").
4. To discuss the philosophical implications of the interpretation of quantified modal logic.
5. To discuss in what measure denying the principle of bivalence is a satisfactory way of solving the liar paradox.
6. To discuss the merits and demerits of the main theories of vagueness.
7. To discuss central question in the metaphysics and epistemology of logic, concerning the limits of logic and the grounds of logical truth.
Contents
1. Truth, validity and logical consequence.
2. Problems of logical form: kinds of negation, theories of conditionals, quantification and singular terms (proper names and definite descriptions).
3. Topics in the philosophy of modal logic: possible worlds and its interpretation.
4. The semantic paradoxes and the problem of vagueness: main theories and their problems.
5. Classical logic and non-classical logics: monism, pluralism or instrumentalism?
2. Problems of logical form: kinds of negation, theories of conditionals, quantification and singular terms (proper names and definite descriptions).
3. Topics in the philosophy of modal logic: possible worlds and its interpretation.
4. The semantic paradoxes and the problem of vagueness: main theories and their problems.
5. Classical logic and non-classical logics: monism, pluralism or instrumentalism?
Teaching Methods
Exposição de temas, problemas e propostas de resolução.
Resolução de exercícios de formalização e de dedução.
Leitura e análise crítica de textos de referência.
Apresentação e discussão de ensaios dos estudantes.
Resolução de exercícios de formalização e de dedução.
Leitura e análise crítica de textos de referência.
Apresentação e discussão de ensaios dos estudantes.
