Patrimonialização da Paisagem Sonora em Évora (1540 - 1910)
- Universidade de Évora(líder)
- NOVA.ID.FCT - Associação para a Inovação e Desenvolvimento da FCT(parceiro)
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa - Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas(parceiro)
Resumo
O Projecto pretende abrir e explorar novas perspectivas sobre as manifestações culturais no burgo eborense e seu termo através do estudo e análise da actividade musical múltipla no período cronológico entre 1540 e 1910; pretende contribuir para uma efectiva patrimonialização da paisagem sonora histórica em Évora, dada a sua riqueza. Évora foi um dos mais importantes centros musicais portugueses, com uma actividade que, até ao final do Antigo Regime (c. 1820) se viu dominada pelas instituições religiosas ? seculares e monástico-conventuais ? intramuros e extramuros que eram mais de duas dezenas. Um núcleo central circundando a Praça do Giraldo que englobava a Sé, com a Capela e o Colégio dos Moços do Coro, envolvendo também a igreja colegiada de Santo Antão e igreja de S. Tiago, e ainda cinco conventos, para além de outras instituições como o Colégio jesuíta do Espírito Santo. Na zona extramuros encontramos o mosteiro de S. Bento de Cástris, do Espinheiro, da Cartuxa e de Santo António da Piedade, entre outras. A música nestas instituições era uma constante durante o dia, constituindo um interessante efeito que remete para a ideia das desembodied voices (vozes sem corpo) pelos sons (como os sinos) que se propagavam pelas ruas. Neste quadro floresceu um conjunto de compositores polifonistas de qualidade superlativa nos séculos XVI e XVII. Um certo cosmopolitismo artístico-cultural comprovado pela circulação de músicos estrangeiros em todo o país, verificou-se também em Évora, uma cidade de manifesto peso politico e religioso. No século XIX dadas as circunstâncias históricas associadas à vitória do liberalismo surgiram colectividades com outros tipos de actividade musical como o Círculo Eborense (1837) ou a Sociedade Civilizadora União Eborense (1839). A noção de paisagem musical (Soundscapes) que tem vindo a ganhar relevância na musicologia internacional permite entender a realidade musical a partir de uma perspectiva contextual abrangente, contrariamente à leitura centrada num compositor, ou outro aspecto restrito. Permite reconstruir contextos, circuitos, trânsitos e cartografar a presença da música e dos músicos. O projecto visa também a elaboração de uma plataforma digital que reúne a informação em diversos formatos e permite a criação de roteiros temáticos para que o utilizador se desloque pela cidade seguindo determinado tema, como p.e. os órgãos de igreja ou circuitos históricos de cariz religioso, como p.e. a procissão do Senhor Jesus dos Passos. Este projeto integrador pretende contribuir para uma compreensão abrangente da cidade enquanto espaço cultural, explorando uma vivência sensorial do espaço urbano e do património. O projecto responde a relevantes desafios societais para as cidades do interior na medida em que articula - no quadro da valorização patrimonial - as vertentes de investigação consolidadas da universidade e o turismo cultural, que se constituem como esferas de primeira importância para a cidade de Évora no século XXI.
Objetivos, atividades e resultados esperados/atingidos
Objetivos
The PASEV Project program comprises a extensive plan of research in terms of chronology focusing on the period from 1540 - creation of Évora's Archbishopric - to 1910 the begining of Republic in Portugal. To understand this complex reality only a research group with different specialists (music, history, musicology, organology, pedagogy and education, as well as software engineers) can assure a deep historical analyses of sources, and its aplications in the present society of information and the transference of knowledge to a local/global community. The PASEV Project intends to understand the importance of musical practices in the life of the city of Évora according to the following research plan: A) Musical manifestations: the presence of music in the city 1) Quotidian - Liturgical Year 2) Feasts/Exceptional events B) Different manifestations of following characters: 1) Civilian: protocol (embassies, visits/royal entries, marriages, births, deaths of kings or princes); local/municipal (feasts, fairs); popular (pilgrimages, processions) 2) Religious: catastrophes, visitations, nominations. The Inquisition question. 3) Mixed (processions, feasts) C) Places: 1) Associated with the Court: (Paço Real, Estaus, Conde de Basto, Paço de São Francisco) 2) Religious Spaces: Sé Catedral (cathedral), convents, churches 3) Public spaces: theatres, squares, coffee shops, promenade, bullfight arena. 4) Teaching places in sacred institutions (cloister and convents) and after Liberalism (Academia de Música Eborense, colleges and other private schools). 5) Comercial spaces linked to music (warehouses, auctions, musical printing and edition, sales and rental of musical instruments). D) People 1) Institution-linked event planners: chapel masters of cathedral, convents and churches, assistance institutions (Misericórdia) cultural associations and assemblies. 2) Vocal and instrumental groups, resident in the institutions. Hired singers and musicians. Feminine differentiation. 3) Composers 4) Circulation of repertoire and/or musicians E) Repertoires 1) Bells (e.g. cathedral, churches, convents, confraries) 2) Sacred (plainsong and polyphony), quotidian and feasts. 3) From instrumental "praxis" of the Renaissance to modern ?practica?: the role of the organ and other instruments. 4) Survey about organs 5) Sociability: from Court culture to the public sphere (dance, instrumental and/or vocal music) F) Visual testimonies on several mediums 1) Sacred iconography (painting, tiles, ornaments) 2) Secular iconography (tiles, photography, announcements, brochures, feast programs) 3) Records/registers related to instruments (organology)
Atividades
The PASEV Project program comprises 7 tasks that will be carried out over a 3 years period. They are: (1) Historical and Documental Research: Musical research and organology - 1540-1834; (2) The practice of music in monastic communities and music in religious manifestations in Évora from the 16th to the 18th centuries: actors, institutions, places, impacts in population; (3) Sociability repertoires: from the culture of Court to the public sphere; (4) Images and narratives of the soundscape 1803-1910 (From Cenáculo Lights to the Republic); (5) Domain Analysis and Geographic Context; (6) Interactive Platform for the Auditory Atlas of the City of Évora; and (7) Results integration and engagement with society (please see task descriptions and chronogram). The PASEV Project will be also an important step to understand the importance of musical practices in the life of the city of Évora, in everyday life or in special occasions, allowing to do future works in this field, extending to other cities to study and compare different realities in the same country and in the same period, or to compare with other countries, namely with Spain. These future works can be done about others cities in Portugal, to get information about musical heritage and the needs of patrimonialisation of this kind of inheritance as an important source not only for tourists or visitors, but also to the local inhabitants, namely the students. To understand this reality only a team with different specialists (music, history, musicology, organology, pedagogy and education, as well as software engineers) can assure a deep historical analyses of sources, an organology approach in diverse contexts, comparing to other contemporaneous geographic realities, thinking that only a multidisplinary research. This research will be accompanied by international specialist consulters, and intends to invest in a pedagogical dimension, sharing also its results with different publics. Our consultants are: Juan Jiménez (http://www.earlyurbansoundscape.com/earlyurbansoundscape/Curriculum_Vitae.html) and Tess Knighton: (https:// www.icrea.cat/security/files/researchers/files-maintenance/res_fullcv_71880.pdf) The team will have meetings every 3 months to present reports of materials and documents that need to be introduced in Data Base in order to the elaboration of the digital platform by the researchers of NovaLincs (tasks 5 and 6). The Project will organize every year in October an International Meeting concerning Soundscapes for presentation of results and discussion in an international forum. In 2017 we'll have our first edition (https:// evorasoundscapes.wordpress.com/). The PASEV Project will produce an anual report to present results. The web page dedicated to the Project (task7) will have an area dedicated to the historical data where it will be possible to find information about the progress and results, future research and strategies
Resultados
(A1) Publication of a peer review book of articles presented in the next edition Residence of São Bento de Cástris,
in the same model of 2016 publication (https://books.openedition.org/cidehus/1934). The Book will be dedicated to
the Musical Patrimony of Évora.
(D) Anual Organization of International Forum focused on Historical Soundscapes, the 1st edition is in 26-28 October
2017 (https://evorasoundscapes.wordpress.com/evento-2017-en/) this meeting will allowed a regular presentation of
papers in national scientific meetings. In 2019 the 7th edition of São Bento Cástris Residence will be dedicated of
Convent and religious soundscapes in Évora, allowing the presentation of results and papers of the Project (task2).
Promotion and organization of an International meeting in October every year until 2020 concerning historical
soundscapes in Évora the 1st edition will be on 26th-28th of October 2017 (https://evorasoundscapes.wordpress.com/
evento-2017-en/). This will allow a regular presentation of papers in national scientific meetings and the dinamization
of a scientific forum of discussion centred in Évora. Moroever in 2019 the 7th edition of São Bento Cástris Residence
will be dedicated to convent and religious soundscapes in Évora, allowing the presentation of results and papers of the
project. Publication of a peer review book of articles presented in the Residence, in the same model as the publication
of 2016 (https://books.openedition.org/cidehus/1934) is projected.
We will edit an interactive digital platform with the respective events and a compilation of audio and visual documents
that enable the visitor to experience as much as possible of each event. These events make it possible to create
thematic itineraries for the visitor to explore a series of historical musical scenarios through various virtual platforms,
such as apps for smartphones, and tablets, among others, offering an overview of enriching routes in loco in the city .
We will create a web page of the PASEV Project to expose the results of our work and to create in the site an
educational area dedicated to the musical heritage of the city of Évora, to explore with students of different levels of
scholarship, giving priority to educational resources providing the exploitation of places (churches, squares, toponymic
testimonies), documents (historical and musical ones), instruments (organs), related to the practice of music in the
city . Some of these materials will be developed for children and will be organized under the theme: from the scriptorium
of monasteries into your computer .
The project researchers of Évora University will promote workshops on different themes and dedicated to general
public. The subject of these workshops will be:
- The role of the sacred music in the modern period in Évora;
- The materials used in the production of musical manuscripts and how to use these materials in a history classroom
(basic and secondary education);
- Experimentation with different stylistic and sonorous solutions involving singers and instrumentalists, recording of
selected pieces.
We will develop interaction with musicians for production and participation in concerts concerning the repertoire
researched in the scope of this project.
We expect not only to establish a cooperation with the tourism institutions of the city for a correct diffusion of the
konwledge integrated in the digital platforms, but also to organize a program of guided tours for the inhabitants of
Évora, students of the University of Évora, portuguese cultural tourists as well as international tourists.
