Animal Anatomy and Physiology II
Name: Animal Anatomy and Physiology II
Code: ZOO16441L
6 ECTS
Duration: 15 weeks/156 hours
Scientific Area:
Animal Science
Teaching languages: Portuguese
Languages of tutoring support: Portuguese
Sustainable Development Goals
Learning Goals
To introduce the anatomical fundamentals and physiological processes of digestion, physioclimatology, respiration, the urinary system, reproduction, and lactation in domestic animals of zootechnical interest.
Competences:
Understand the fundamentals of anatomy and the mechanisms of digestion, physioclimatology, respiration, the urinary system, reproduction, and lactation. Develop the ability to integrate the various physiological functions.
Collect, record, and analyze physiological parameters.
Discuss physiological adaptations in different environmental contexts.
Competences:
Understand the fundamentals of anatomy and the mechanisms of digestion, physioclimatology, respiration, the urinary system, reproduction, and lactation. Develop the ability to integrate the various physiological functions.
Collect, record, and analyze physiological parameters.
Discuss physiological adaptations in different environmental contexts.
Contents
1. Digestive system. Anatomy. Regulation of gastrointestinal function. Digestive secretions. Mechanisms of digestion and absorption. Digestion in monogastrics, ruminants, and birds.
2. Homeothermy and poikilothermy. Heat exchange between the animal and the environment. Thermoneutral zone and thermal stress. Physiological and endocrine responses to heat stress.
3. Respiratory system. Anatomical structure. Mechanics of respiration. Gas exchange and transport, and regulation of respiration.
4. Urinary system. Anatomy of the kidney and accessory structures. Mechanisms of urine formation. Factors regulating diuresis. Water and acid-base balance.
5. Anatomy and physiology of the female and male genital tracts in domestic species. Control of reproduction. Introduction to reproductive endocrinology.
6. Lactation. Structure, growth, development of the mammary gland. Lactogenesis, galactopoiesis, composition, secretion, and ejection of milk. Milking. Factors affecting milk yield and composition.
2. Homeothermy and poikilothermy. Heat exchange between the animal and the environment. Thermoneutral zone and thermal stress. Physiological and endocrine responses to heat stress.
3. Respiratory system. Anatomical structure. Mechanics of respiration. Gas exchange and transport, and regulation of respiration.
4. Urinary system. Anatomy of the kidney and accessory structures. Mechanisms of urine formation. Factors regulating diuresis. Water and acid-base balance.
5. Anatomy and physiology of the female and male genital tracts in domestic species. Control of reproduction. Introduction to reproductive endocrinology.
6. Lactation. Structure, growth, development of the mammary gland. Lactogenesis, galactopoiesis, composition, secretion, and ejection of milk. Milking. Factors affecting milk yield and composition.
Teaching Methods
The teaching of this course unit is based on the theoretical presentation of the main topics of each subject, complemented by the practical illustration of physiological concepts using anatomical models, laboratory techniques, computer programs, and case study analysis.
Assessment
Students may choose between Continuous Assessment and Final Assessment. Continuous Assessment: Two or three written tests. This assessment method is only available to students who attend at least 75% of the scheduled classes. Any student obtaining a grade below 9 (out of 20) in any test will automatically move to the Final Assessment system. The lecturers may also assign individual or group projects, which will contribute to the final grade according to the rules communicated at the beginning of each module.
Final Assessment: A single exam covering all the material taught during the semester. Course approval: A minimum final grade of 10 (out of 20) in either the Continuous or Final Assessment system is required to pass the course.
Final Assessment: A single exam covering all the material taught during the semester. Course approval: A minimum final grade of 10 (out of 20) in either the Continuous or Final Assessment system is required to pass the course.
Accreditations and Certifications
